Hot Work Operations

Hot Work Operations

Hot work is any activity that involves the use of open flames or generates sparks or heat. Examples of hot work include welding, cutting, brazing, soldering, grinding, and using a torch. Hot work can be extremely hazardous, as it can start fires or explosions and cause serious injuries or fatalities. In this toolbox talk, we will discuss some best practices for hot work safety.

  1. Obtain Hot Work Permits

Before performing any hot work, you must obtain a hot work permit from your supervisor. The permit process ensures that all necessary precautions are taken before and during the work, and that there is a plan in place in case of an emergency. Hot work permits typically require an inspection of the area, identification of hazards, and a review of fire protection and emergency response procedures.

  1. Clear the Area

Before starting any hot work, clear the area of all flammable and combustible materials. Remove any nearby equipment, furniture, or other items that could catch fire or be damaged by heat or sparks. Cover any nearby openings, such as doors and windows, to prevent sparks from escaping the work area. Make sure that any materials that cannot be removed are properly shielded and protected.

  1. Use Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential when performing hot work. Wear appropriate PPE, including flame-resistant clothing, safety glasses or goggles, and gloves. If working at height, make sure that you are wearing fall protection equipment, such as a harness and lanyard. If you are welding or cutting, wear a welding helmet or face shield to protect your eyes and face from sparks and UV radiation.

  1. Follow Safe Work Practices

Follow safe work practices when performing hot work. These include:

  • Never perform hot work alone. Always work with a partner who can assist you in case of an emergency.
  • Use a fire extinguisher rated for the type of fire that could occur. Keep the fire extinguisher within easy reach and ensure that it is properly charged and maintained.
  • Do not use flammable or combustible materials to support the workpiece.
  • Do not use hot work equipment near flammable liquids or gases.
  • Turn off all electrical equipment and make sure that all sources of ignition are eliminated before starting any hot work.
  1. Train Employees

Ensure that all employees who will be performing hot work are trained on the hazards associated with hot work, the proper use of PPE, and the safe work practices to be followed. Train employees on how to recognize potential fire hazards, and how to respond in case of an emergency.

  1. Monitor the Work Area

Monitor the work area during and after hot work to ensure that no fires have started and that the area is safe to re-enter. Use a heat-resistant barrier or fire watch personnel to prevent fires from starting or spreading. Keep a fire extinguisher nearby in case of an emergency.

  1. Follow OSHA Standards

OSHA has several standards that apply to hot work safety, including:

  • 1910.252 – Welding, cutting, and brazing
  • 1910.253 – Oxygen-fuel gas welding and cutting
  • 1910.254 – Arc welding and cutting
  • 1926.353 – Ventilation and protection in welding, cutting, and heating

Make sure that you are familiar with these standards and that you are following them when performing hot work.

In conclusion, hot work is a hazardous activity that requires careful planning and strict adherence to safety procedures. Always obtain a hot work permit, clear the area, use appropriate PPE, follow safe work practices, train employees, monitor the work area, and follow OSHA standards. By taking these precautions, you can perform hot work safely and avoid potential injuries and property damage.

    Safe Lifting Techniques

    Safe Lifting Techniques

    Lifting and moving objects is a common task in many industries, from manufacturing to healthcare. However, if not done properly, lifting heavy or awkward objects can cause soft tissue injuries such as strains, sprains, and muscle pulls. In this toolbox talk, we will discuss some best practices for lifting objects safely to prevent soft tissue injuries.

    1. Assess the Load

    Before lifting any object, it’s essential to assess its weight and size. Determine whether you can safely lift and move the load by yourself or whether you need assistance. Consider the weight of the load, its size and shape, and any obstacles in your path. If the load is too heavy or awkward to lift safely, get help or use lifting equipment.

    1. Plan the Lift

    Once you have assessed the load, plan the lift. Determine the best way to grip the load, and decide on the safest path to move it. Make sure your path is free from obstacles, and ensure that there is enough space for you to maneuver the load safely.

    1. Use Proper Lifting Techniques

    When lifting any object, it’s essential to use proper lifting techniques to prevent soft tissue injuries. Follow these steps:

    • Stand close to the object and center your body over it.
    • Bend your knees and keep your back straight.
    • Get a firm grip on the object with both hands.
    • Slowly lift the object, using your leg muscles to push up and keeping the load close to your body.
    • Use your feet to pivot and turn rather than twisting your back.
    • Lower the object slowly, keeping your back straight and using your leg muscles.
    1. Avoid Awkward Postures

    Avoid awkward postures when lifting objects. Lifting with your arms fully extended or reaching over your head can put stress on your muscles and joints, increasing the risk of injury. Keep your elbows close to your body and avoid overreaching.

    1. Take Breaks and Rotate Tasks

    Lifting and moving objects can be physically demanding, and repetitive lifting can increase the risk of soft tissue injuries. Take breaks and rotate tasks to give your muscles a chance to rest and recover. This will reduce the risk of soft tissue injuries caused by overuse.

    Conclusion

    Proper lifting techniques are essential for preventing soft tissue injuries caused by lifting and moving objects. By assessing the load, planning the lift, using proper lifting techniques, avoiding awkward postures, taking breaks, and rotating tasks, you can reduce the risk of injury and keep yourself and your coworkers safe. Remember to always follow OSHA standards and guidelines for lifting safety to ensure a safe and healthy workplace.

      Hand & Power Tool Safety

      Hand & Power Tool Safety

      Best Practices for Preventing Injuries

      Hand tools and power tools are essential for getting the job done in many industries, from construction, oil and gas, landscaping and manufacturing. However, if they are not used safely, they can cause serious injuries. In this toolbox talk, we will discuss some best practices for using hand tools and power tools safely.

      1. Choose the Right Tool for the Job

      Before starting any job, it’s essential to select the right tool for the task at hand. Using the wrong tool can lead to accidents and injuries. When selecting a tool, consider the size of the job, the material you’re working with, and the space you’re working in. Make sure the tool is designed for the specific task you need to complete.

      1. Inspect Tools Before Use

      Before using any hand tool or power tool, it’s essential to inspect it thoroughly for damage or defects. Check for cracks, breaks, or any other signs of wear and tear. Ensure that all guards, safety switches, and other safety features are working correctly. If you find any defects, do not use the tool until it has been repaired or replaced.

      1. Follow Proper Handling Procedures

      When using hand tools or power tools, it’s essential to follow proper handling procedures. Never use a tool in a way that it was not intended to be used. Keep your hands and fingers away from moving parts, and use the appropriate grip when handling the tool. Make sure your work area is well lit and free of clutter.

      1. Wear Proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

      Personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential when working with hand tools and power tools. Depending on the tool and the job, you may need to wear eye protection, ear protection, gloves, or other PPE. Make sure you understand what PPE is required for the job, and wear it at all times.

      1. Follow Manufacturer Instructions

      It’s essential to follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using any hand tool or power tool. The manufacturer’s instructions will provide you with important safety information, such as the tool’s capabilities, limitations, and proper use. Make sure you read and understand the instructions before using the tool.

      1. Never Modify Tools

      Never modify a hand tool or power tool. Modifying a tool can compromise its safety and put you at risk of injury. Only use tools that have been designed and manufactured for the specific task you need to complete.

      1. Disconnect Power Tools Before Maintenance

      Before performing any maintenance on a power tool, make sure you disconnect it from its power source. This will prevent accidental start-up and reduce the risk of injury.

      1. Proper Storage and Maintenance

      Proper storage and maintenance of hand tools and power tools are essential for their longevity and safety. Store tools in a dry, secure location, away from children and unauthorized persons. Regularly inspect tools for signs of wear and tear, and perform maintenance as needed.

       

      Conclusion

      Hand tool and power tool safety is essential for preventing injuries. Follow these best practices to avoid injuries.

        Hearing Conservation & Noise

        Hearing Conservation & Noise

        Noise Exposure 

        What is Noise? 

        Noise is defined as unwanted sound and exposure to loud and prolonged noise can damage hearing.  Noise is measured in units called Decibels (dB). The louder a noise is, the higher the dB reading it  will have. 

        Where you could be exposed to excess noise levels: 

        Around loud mobile equipment 

        While using hand/powered tools 

        Idle Vehicles or Motors 

        Other contractors work processes 

        Permanently stationed equipment 

        Permissible Exposure Limits– PEL 

        OSHA has set Permissible Exposure Limit or PEL that is  

        referred to in order to protect workers from  

        experiencing hearing loss while at working in loud  

        environments for extended periods of time. 

        The OSHA PEL is 90dB over the course of an average 8 hr work shift (TWA).  

        OSHA also developed and enforces an “Action Level” that require employers to train, educate,  and take action to ensure employees are not exposed to excess levels of noise.  

        The OSHA Action Level is a 85dB over the course of an average 8hr 

        work shift (TWA).  

        Under no circumstance should a worker ever be exposed to noise  

        levels measuring equal or excess to 115dB. 

        OSHA Table G-16 illustrates the maximum amount of time  

        workers are permitted to be exposed to different noise levels.  

         

        Selecting PPE 

        Follow the following steps to ensure you are selecting the proper form of hearing protection.  Identify noise exposure 

        Refer to table G-16 to see if hearing protection shall be needed. 

        Utilizes engineering controls & administrative controls before resorting to PPE Calculate new exposure by finding the noise reduction rating given on your PPE. How to Calculate New Exposure 

        Subtract seven from the NRR number which is given in decibels.  

        Divide the result by two 

        Subtract the result from the original noise exposure level in decibels 

        Types of PPE 

        Disposable Ear Plugs: Typically, are for single use, and are inserted directly into the  ear canal. 

        Earmuffs: Cover the ear and limit the amount of noise entering the ear from outside  of the ear canal. 

        Audiometric Testing 

        Employers must provide audio metric testing to employees who are exposed to 85 Db or  greater. (TWA 8hr) 

        Annually audiometric testing shall also be completed for those employees exposed to  noise exposed to 85 Db or greater. (TWA 8 hrs).

        Hearing Conservation 

        How Does Hearing Loss Occur? 

        Hearing Loss  occurs when  sound waves  enter the ear canal, causing the eardrum to vibrate. When the eardrum vibrates to hard for too long, damage occurs to the physical structures of the ear causing hearing loss. Once hearing loss occurs, you can  not regain hearing.  

        Hearing Conservation 

        Below are steps to take to ensure hearing loss does not occur: 

        Identify and remove noise producing equipment  

        from the work area. 

        Relocate noise producing equipment using leads,  

        extensions etc if possible.  

        Install noise absorbing foam into enclosed areas if  

        you must work inside. 

        Check with manufactures if there are noise  

        suppression attachments or features to  

        equipment you may be using.  

        Utilize NIOSH approved ear muffs or ear plugs  

        when exposed to noise levels above 85Db. 

        Trenches & Excavation Safety

        Trenches & Excavation Safety

        Trenches & Excavations

        What are the Hazards? There are several hazards to consider before working in or around open  trenches/excavations. Some of these hazards include: 

        • Cave-ins 

        • Underground utilities (gas, electrical, water, sewage, etc) 

        • Falling objects 

        • Hazardous atmospheres 

        • Mobile equipment 

        Requirements for working in trenches/excavations 

        4ft-For trenches equal or deeper than 4 ft. established  

        means of access and egress must be established.  

        5ft- For trenches equal or deeper than 5ft cave in  

        protection must be implemented 

        20ft- For trenches equal or deeper than 20ft. protection must be designed by a registered physical  engineer.  

        Access & Egress 

        Can consist of a straight ladder or ramp and must be always within 25ft of the trench occupants.  Cave In Protection 

        Consists of sloping walls (34 ° angle), benching the walls, shielding with a trench box, or an  engineered support system called shoring

        Soil Classifications

        Soil classification must be determined prior to working in trenches and  excavations by a competent person. Utilize SWA if there is any question with soil  classification. Contact your supervisor with concerns. 

        Digging New Excavations

        Before digging any new excavation by mechanical means, all  utilities must be identified and marked according to 811 Call before you Dig Guidelines. Weather, project delays, etc can often alter the work schedule and render a digging  permit invalid. Contact your Manager with Questions.  

        Hand digging

        After the depth of underground utilities have been identified, hand digging/non mechanical digging (hydro-excavation) must occur within 2ft. of all  

        underground utilities.  

        Identifying Underground Utilities

        Underground utility lines will be identified  according to a universal color-coding system.  

        Other Safety Considerations 

        • All spoil piles & equipment must be kept at a minimum 2ft from the  edge of excavations to prevent the risk of potential cave ins.

        • Monitor for gases at different levels to gather an accurate reading before entering excavations.

        • Wear Hi-Viz Clothing while working around or near open  excavations.

        • Machine/Equipment will not be used in rescue operations.  

        • Water negatively affects the structural integrity of trenches,  remove using a pump prior to entering.

        • If a trench is left unattended there must be barricades/notification systems installed to prevent  bystanders from falling into the trench.

        • Visual trench inspections must be completed daily before entering any excavation and after  rainstorms. Look for cracks in the soil, sluffs in the soil, weak spots etc. Do not enter any  excavation that appears to have potential hazards.

        STOP Saying “Safety is our #1 Priority”

        STOP Saying “Safety is our #1 Priority”

        The buzz phrase “Safety is our company’s #1 priority” is overused, misunderstood, and frankly an admission that safety is only important until something else comes up.

        The Problem With Priorities

        Priorities are tasks, jobs, or things that are pertinent under specific circumstances, at given times. The problem with stating “Safety is our #1 priority” is, priorities change.

        If not by the hour, priorities can change several times in any given day. To often when companies state “Safety is our #1 priority”, they end up falling short of that statement. Safety is often #1 priority until something else more important at that time.

        As a result, a blind eye to safety is normally taken, and that is when incidents occur. As safety professionals we need to understand what outside pressures influence our behaviors.

        These three outside pressures that are used as reasons why safety is sacrificed.

        1. Costs

        One major outside pressure most businesses operating with a safety department face is, cost to implement a program, policy, or procedure. When ideas are brought up, you can count on management asking, “What is it going to cost?”

        This is a fair question. CEO’s need to make sure the business they are running is generating cash flow and covering its expenses or it will close its doors. As a safety professional, it is your job to quantify and present ideas in cost vs. benefit format. When you display data in a simplified format, management is more likely to be comfortable with the initiative you’d like to push. If the dollars make sense, most CEO’s will give the green light on your idea.

        2. Time

        Time is money. When time is not being allocated to accomplishing the job, it is elementary to understand profits are being flushed down the toilet. Not to mention overhead is typically the most expensive line item on a P&L sheet. However, according to the National Safety Council, the average cost of an occupational injury is $39,000. That’s a pretty penny to risk and choosing to work unsafe. See the full stat sheet below for NSC Injury Data. https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/work/costs/work-injury-costs/

        Time pressure as an excuse why safety is sacrificed, is a true business failure, as it displays the actual values of the organization. Smart and well planned out work typically can take less time, than having to do work twice that was rushed. Spending time rewriting safety documents such as permits, and JSA’s are where real money is lost. Doing the job the safe way the first time, can save plenty of dollars.

        As a safety professional, encourage your work force to take their time with safety related documents. Pencil whipping paperwork to just get it filled out defeats the purpose of the procedures.

        3. Making the Customer Happy

        The customer is normally always right.

        Maintaining great relationships with customers is how businesses sustain long growth and innovation. Two critical factors when bidding work are costs, and safety performance of your company. Making the customer happy with safety performance can yield leniency with overall bid price. Although not guaranteed, some customers are more willing to pay more for a smoother, safer operation. The old saying is, “You pay for what you get”. Therefore, spending upfront dollars on a strong safety program is worth it in the long run. Your company could end up spending more dollars after an incident occurred. That being said, a safe project will make the customer happy.

        In contrast, if a customer is encouraging your staff to make unsafe decisions, and pressuring them to take risks, those are customers I would not want my staff working for. Do not be afraid to fire your customers if they are putting your people at risk of injury.

        Let’s face it, who picks up the bill when your employee gets hurt? Your company or the customer? Who really takes the loss if someone gets hurt. Vet your customers well and often.

        Make Safety your Company’s #1 Value.

        We just discussed what priorities are and how they change. So what about values?

        What we know about values, is they don’t change. Values are consistent regardless of exterior motives, outside pressure, and they are how we view the world and how we operate. As a safety professional it is critical that you stress your company makes Safety it’s #1 Core Value. All operations of the organization must first address the elephant in the room, “Can we do the job safely”. You must get management commitment that safety will not be sacrificed at any cost. The risk vs. reward of possibly injuring one of your greatest assets (employees) to complete a high-risk operation for more dollars is not worth taking.

        How to get this commitment?

        Commitment issues? Yes, they exist for everyone. The easiest way to get management commitment to a new safety initiative or program is to provide solutions.

        Reducing Friction

        Operations is not going to be thrilled to hear that you can not complete a job or that the job is being delayed due to safety concerns. It should not be a matter of not completing the job/task. Rather the question you should ask is, “How do we complete the job safely while maintaining profits?”. By successfully answering this question both operations and safety departments prime objectives are accomplished.

        Your company is full of problem solvers, and where there is a will, there is a way.

        Here some great solutions to solve complex safety problems:

        1. Collaborate with the field employees who will be involved in the task. They may have a commonsense answer to the question.
        2.  Ask management if they have ever been in a similar situation before and how the problem was addressed. There are often solutions that exist but are unknown. Call on former resources and see what is available.
        3. Work with the customer. Communicate with the customer’s safety staff to see what they might recommend or, how similar experiences have been addressed. Speak with the intent you’d love to complete the job and find common ground. No one wants an incident to occur.
        4. Research and comb through your network. Contact other safety professionals in groups you may be involved in. A great resource is the “groups” function on Linked In, and Facebook.

        Embedding Values Into Your Company

        As you speak about the company’s background/mission statement during new hire orientations, and business development meetings, speak to the commitment to safety. When safety is the #1 Value, customers will feel comfortable when you bid their work. The question of safety record will already be answered by the reputation your company has developed.

        Walk The Walk

        Finally, anyone can say Safety is there #1 Value, but when push comes to shove and there are outside pressures involved, you will be responsible for making the call on whether to take on a job that is potentially unsafe. It takes guts to shut down an unsafe activity, but by sticking to your values, your standards rise. Working safely becomes the new normal and your employees will feel better knowing they aren’t just a number.

        Simply do not tolerate working unsafely under any circumstance. Reward your employees when Stop Work Authority is utilized effectively. See how to effectively utilize Stop Work Authority in the link below.

        https://b42l.com/stop-work-authority/

        Final Thoughts:

        Embed Safety as your #1 Value on and off the job. Our priorities change all the time, but our values are consistent with how we live our lives and complete our work.

        Did this article help? We hope this toolbox talk was informative, helpful and easy to relate to. Please visit safetytalkideas.com and B42L.com to learn more about safety talks and topics.